HIV Infection and AIDS
Practice Essentials Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a blood-borne virus typically transmitted via sexual intercourse, shared...
Aortic Dissection
Summary Aortic dissection (see the image below) is defined as separation of the layers within the aortic wall. Tears in the intimal layer...
Cocaine-Related Cardiomyopathy
Overview Cocaine is a commonly used illegal recreational drug that may have significant cardiovascular implications. In particular,...
Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma
Introduction Traumatic injury is the leading cause of death among individuals younger than 45 years old [1]. Eighty percent of traumatic...
Acute Pericarditis
Summary Acute pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium characterized by pericarditic chest pain, pericardial friction rub, and...
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Practice Essentials Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is defined as illness caused by a novel coronavirus called severe acute...
Viral Encephalitis
Background Clinically relevant involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) by viruses is an uncommon event, considering the...
Tuberculosis (TB)
Practice Essentials Tuberculosis (TB) (see the image below), a multisystemic disease with myriad presentations and manifestations, is the...
Hepatitis C
Practice Essentials Hepatitis C is an infection caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that attacks the liver and leads to inflammation....
Sudden Cardiac Death
Practice Essentials Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an unexpected death due to cardiac causes that occurs in a short time period (generally...
